Cold-chain logistics operation by the two most basic composition, transportation, 2 is a warehouse. Cold-chain transport is an important part of the management of cold, cold, and the high cost of transportation contain complex mobile refrigeration technology and manufacturing technology incubator, cold-chain management includes more risks and uncertainties. Transportation includes air transport, cold storage vessel waterway transport, railway and highway transportation collection. Here we are talking about major highway transportation, cold cold main part of transport.
1, refrigerated vehicles forms of choice
The choice is cold storage traffic transportation first problems. Market refrigeration variety, choose what vehicles, vehicle is most suitable for the mode of operation of enterprises, is the first purchase vehicles should be considered. Highway refrigerating transportation vehicles by form points can be divided into reefer containers, cold storage box, connecting box etc. According to the installation and refrigerator for single form points, dual temperature cooling box, etc. At present, the standardization of road vehicles start standard vehicles will be limited, so the choice of vehicle operation units first consideration scope approved by the ministry of refrigerated vehicles series. As foreign refrigeration connecting box car isn't allowed in China's roads. Choose the form according to the vehicle industry, factors such as comprehensive consideration of the product. Such as the service to the enterprises to choose the transportation vehicles, dragging hanging reefer container transportation vehicles of single temperature refrigerating box and choose services in the supermarket than the transportation enterprise product temperature can consider double temperature control box etc.
2, refrigeration vehicle size selection
Refrigerated vehicles tonnage size affect operating costs and limit the use of cars. The operation cost of vehicles, vehicle fuel, repair, depreciation, Labour, toll fee, insurance fees and expenses. In a foreign country, the driver of the vehicles operating expenses cost 1/3, is very big. China currently artificially relatively low cost, but this phenomenon not long-term continue. A large part of the cost of the vehicle and vehicle driving distance, so more directly related to the load capacity unit distance is in most cases is preferred. Generally speaking, the cargo transport vehicle unit cost is lower. This is why many overseas road running on the vehicle, large-tonnage is by many domestic condition, select vehicles to some more consideration. Choose vehicle size should consider the following factors.
1) transport business model: batch transportation or small batch distribution. Long-distance transportation should be chosen large-tonnage vehicles.
2) transportation roads limit: general city distribution by vehicles in certain ways, limited influence of large-tonnage vehicles during the city, so not to consider the factors of urban distribution.
3) order batch: the order of small batch is currently transportation enterprises, especially distribution enterprise facing problems. Unit time a car can send a single shipment will restrict traffic load capacity.
3, refrigerated vehicles refrigeration capacity of choice
Refrigerated vehicles main function is keeping the temperature of goods, not reduce the temperature. The power of the refrigerator cars equipped with freezer, depends on the size of goods, the temperature and thermal insulation material environment temperature, etc. Generally speaking, in particular areas of the vehicles are standard refrigerator storage allocation. We choose the size of the trunk, temperature and corresponding matching chiller. But in the quality control of products and cold under the condition of high demand, can choose the high level of the chiller configuration.
4, refrigerated vehicles, the choice of the form of refrigeration
Currently the main forms of refrigeration storage vehicles into independent car engine cooling, refrigeration and external power source of cooling-plate refrigeration, and compressed gas refrigeration form. External power supply is mainly used for cooling container shipping refrigeration, compressed gas storage refrigeration form in Japan on the vehicle parts. In China's main road vehicle is independent of refrigeration vehicle-mounted engine cooling and simplified refrigeration two forms. Independent car engine cooling of the application form is common, it is not time and transportation distance limit, can adjust different temperature range. The advantages of cooling-plate refrigeration is inside train compartment, but many more stable temperature discharge and no way engine damage, but the risk is a narrow range of temperature shortcomings, refrigeration waiting time and can't relay transportation etc.
